characteristics and proposed applications
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characteristics and proposed applications of selected stainless and heat-resistant steel grades
|
grade EN/AISI
|
characteristics | exemplary applications |
| ferretic stainless steels | ||
| 1.4000 410S |
weldable steel, recommended annealing at temp. 600-800ºC |
in oil industry: lining for ordinary and pressure tanks, heat exchangers, piping in the cracking installations; some fittings in the coke industry
|
| 1.4016 430 |
poorly weldable steel, recommended annealing at temp. 600-800ºC | some non-weldable devices in the chemical industry (heat exchangers for hot nitrogen oxides and hot nitric acid, absorption towers, acid tanks, transmission piping, tanker trucks, etc.); in food industry (food product containers, autoclaves, pasteurisers, transport tanks); household goods |
| martensitic stainless steels | ||
| 1.4006 410 |
weldable steel | steam turbine blades, hydraulic press valves, pins & bolts, nuts & caps, bolts |
| 1.4021/1.4028 420/420F |
poorly weldable steel,
requires pre-heating before welding,
softening annealing after welding or enhancing heat treatment
|
as for 410 steel whenever higher hardness or strength are needed, e.g. shafts, bolts, packings & glands, springs, machine parts, and pressure dies, members of the devices required to be harder and stronger (shafts, pump elements, packings and glands, springs, pressure-cast-metal moulds) |
| 1.4031/1.4034 | non-weldable | cutting tools, measuring & gauging instruments, carburettor needles, ball bearings, surgical instruments and tools |
| austenitic stainless steels | ||
| 1.4301 304 |
weldable, highly workable steel, acid-resistant type most frequently used | milk cans, dairy equipment, milk production installations, beer kegs, beer fermentation, brewery storage vessels, corn-refining installations and fittings; nuclear power plant components, gutters, downpipes, liquid oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen containers, members of carbon dioxide injectors in the production of carbonated beverages, cryogenic vessels and parts, furniture, indoor and outdoor linings |
| 1.4306 304L |
weldable lower-carbon steel, reduced carbide precipitation during the welding, high resistance to corrosion at the seams, does not require annealing | in strongly oxidising environments, e.g. in the presence of the nitric acid; self-dumping coal-shute linings, liquid fertiliser spray containers, tomato pomace storage containers |
| 1.4307 304L |
weldable, lower-carbon, pressable steel | deep pressed parts of the installations used in the chemical industry (heat exchangers, reactors, condensers, acid containers, absorption towers, transmission piping); food industry (tanks, pasteurisers, and other elements expose to aggressive preservatives), pulp and paper industry (fit for installations exposed to alkaline solutions); paint and varnish, and pharmaceutical industries (mixers, distillation pots), ship and aircraft structural members; elements of interior décor in architecture |
| 1.4404 316L |
weldable lower-carbon steel, good chloride resistance
|
white wine containers, brewing industry, paper industry, medical industry, fatty acid industry, production of acetic acid compounds, production of brandy, manufacturing of elements exposes to fertilizers, ketchup boiling vessels, phosphate industry, film tape development gear, smokestacks, containers at water softening plants, yeast pipes; in seawater environment |
| 1.4571 316Ti |
weldable, titanium stabilised steel,good resistance to inter-crystal corrosion
|
in chemical industry: for installations requiring high corrosion resistance – coolers, condensers, piping, tanks; food industry, pulp industry, pharmaceutical industry |
| 1.4541 321 |
weldable steel,
similar to AISI 304, titanium stabilised,good resistance to inter-crystal corrosion
|
slip and sliding rings, aircraft exhaust pipes, boiler housings, cabin radiators, carburettor air tubes, exhaust fume collectors, fire walls and partitions, suspension boilers, furnace heating elements, jet engine members, pressure tanks, heat exchangers, elements exposed to aggressive preservatives |
| 1.4539 904L |
weldable steel, highly resistant to corrosion, e.g. in the presence of
the sulphuric acid and its salts,
phosphoric acid and its salts,formic acid and chlorine
|
in chemical industry, fertiliser production, metallurgy: pickling vessels and mesh baskets, in pulp and paper industry, man-made fibre industry, refineries and petrochemical plants, in atomic industry, nuclear installations, production of explosives, parts of medical apparatuses, and in the pharmaceutical industry (elements of the measuring instruments), in ship equipment |
| ferretic heat-resistant steels | ||
| 1.4724 |
lower weldability steel, preheat up to 100-300ºC,
required post-welding annealing at the temp. 750-800ºC;
high resistance to gasses containing sulphur compounds
resistance retained up to 950ºC
|
light-duty parts working in oxidising gasses and gasses containing sulphur compounds, industrial furnace piping, rails, caps, heat-resistant members of steam boilers, plastic mass dryer parts, vacuum chambers |
| 1.4742 |
lower weldability steel, preheat up to 100-300ºC, required post-welding annealing at the temp. 750-800ºC, resistance retained up to 1050ºC
|
load-carrying structural elements and rails, caps, industrial furnace piping, heat-resistant members of steam boilers, plastic mass dryer parts, vacuum chambers whenever high strength is not required at higher temperatures |
| 1.4762 446 |
lower weldability steel, preheat up to 100-300ºC,
required post-welding annealing at the temp. 750-800ºC.
Resistant to gasses containing
sulphur compounds and reduction gasses resistance retained up to 1200ºC
|
light-duty mechanical machine parts, industrial furnaces, heat exchangers, tools and moulds for glass industry, annealing vessels |
| austenitic heat-resistant steels | ||
| 1.4828 309 |
weldable steel, neither post-welding heat-treatment nor pre-treatment necessary, resistance retained up to 1050°C
|
light-duty mechanical parts working in high temperatures, furnace, steam boiler, and industrial equipment parts under mechanical heavy load (caps, transmission, conveyor, and other parts working in high temperatures) |
| 1.4841 310/314 |
weldable steel, neither post-welding heat-treatment nor pre-treatment necessary, resistance retained up to 1150ºC.
|
mechanical parts working in high temperatures, methane conversion installations, apparatuses for thermal decomposition of gasses, installations in the glass industry, china heating baskets, furnace conveyors and other parts working in high temperatures |
This catalogue has been produced to the best of out knowledge and experience, and is intended to assist you. Be sure we have taken all care to be certain that the information provided is technically correct. Nevertheless, it cannot be deemed the binding standard or substantiate guarantee or indemnity claims.
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